See spuma on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:spūma"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"spūma\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"spuma\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }\" data-lang=\"it\" data-title=\"spuma\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "spūma",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin spūma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "spūma"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin spūma",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin spūma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spume",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "spuma f (plural spume)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foam"
],
"id": "en-spuma-it-noun-jMLNeXhb",
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "spumante"
},
{
"word": "spumeggiare"
},
{
"word": "schiuma"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "spuma"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "spuma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 72 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 67 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 80 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "spumare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of spumare:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-spuma-it-verb-o-2jbOjk",
"links": [
[
"spumare",
"spumare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "spumare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of spumare:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-spuma-it-verb-1KUhpZ5j",
"links": [
[
"spumare",
"spumare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "spuma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "spumã"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "espluma"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "escuma"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "espuma"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "sploima"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "êcuma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "spume"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spume"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "espume"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "escuma"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "spuma"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "escuma"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "escruma"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "espuma"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "espuma"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "escuma"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "spumă"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "sprumma"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "spuma"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "scuma"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "espuma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-pro:<alt:*(s)póHy-mos><ety:af<*(s)poH(y)-><*-mos>>",
"title": "spūma"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"spūma\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"spūma\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)poH(y)-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)poHy-mos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)poHy-mos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)poHy-mos, from *(s)poH(y)- (“foam”). Related to pūmex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spūma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmae",
"links": [
[
"spūmae",
"spumae"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spūma",
"links": [
[
"spūma",
"spuma#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmae",
"links": [
[
"spūmae",
"spumae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmae",
"links": [
[
"spūmae",
"spumae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmārum",
"links": [
[
"spūmārum",
"spumarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmae",
"links": [
[
"spūmae",
"spumae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmīs",
"links": [
[
"spūmīs",
"spumis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmam",
"links": [
[
"spūmam",
"spumam#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmās",
"links": [
[
"spūmās",
"spumas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmā",
"links": [
[
"spūmā",
"spuma#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmīs",
"links": [
[
"spūmīs",
"spumis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spūma",
"links": [
[
"spūma",
"spuma#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spūmae",
"links": [
[
"spūmae",
"spumae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spūma<1>"
},
"expansion": "spūma f (genitive spūmae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spūma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Materials",
"orig": "la:Materials",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spūmeus"
},
{
"word": "spūmidus"
},
{
"word": "spūmifer"
},
{
"word": "spūmigena"
},
{
"word": "spūmiger"
},
{
"word": "spūmō"
},
{
"word": "spūmōsus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foam, froth, slime"
],
"id": "en-spuma-la-noun-oYW6PxbA",
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
],
[
"froth",
"froth"
],
[
"slime",
"slime"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "spūmābundus"
},
{
"word": "spūmātiō"
},
{
"word": "spūmātus"
},
{
"word": "spūmēscō"
},
{
"word": "spuō"
},
{
"word": "spūtāmen"
},
{
"word": "spūtāmentum"
},
{
"word": "spūtātilicus"
},
{
"word": "spūtātor"
},
{
"word": "spūtō"
},
{
"word": "spūtum"
},
{
"word": "spūtus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈspuː.ma]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspuː.ma]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spuma"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "spūmō",
"4": "spūmāre",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin spūmāre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "spūmō",
"4": "spūmāre"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin spūmāre",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "spumedz",
"3": "spumedz, spumari"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian spumedz, spumari",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spumare"
},
"expansion": "Italian spumare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espumar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish espumar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin spūmāre or from spumă. Compare Aromanian spumedz, spumari, Italian spumare, spumeggiare, Spanish espumar, espumear.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a spuma 1st conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "spumează",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumat",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-conj-a-ez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a spuma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "spumând",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "spumat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spumez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumezi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumează",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spumați",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumează",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spuma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spumați",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumași",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumă",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumarăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spumarăți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumară",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumasem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumaseși",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumaserăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spumaserăți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumaseră",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumezi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumeze",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumați",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumeze",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spumează",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spumați",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nu spuma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nu spumați",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spumează",
"2": "spumat",
"conj": "1"
},
"expansion": "a spuma (third-person singular present spumează, past participle spumat) 1st conjugation",
"name": "ro-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spum"
},
"name": "ro-conj-a-ez"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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],
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],
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"to foam, froth"
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[
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}
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"lang": "Occitan",
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{
"lang": "Occitan",
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{
"lang": "Occitan",
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{
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{
"lang": "Sardinian",
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{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
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{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
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{
"lang": "Spanish",
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},
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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[
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[
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{
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],
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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},
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},
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"singular"
]
},
{
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},
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"form": "să spumez",
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},
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]
},
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"form": "să spumeze",
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"present",
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]
},
{
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"first-person",
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"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumați",
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"plural",
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"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să spumeze",
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]
},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "spumați",
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]
},
{
"form": "nu spuma",
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"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
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}
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],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Romanian verbs",
"Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation",
"Romanian verbs with subjunctive not given"
],
"glosses": [
"to foam, froth"
],
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
],
[
"froth",
"froth"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spumega"
}
]
}
],
"word": "spuma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spuma meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.